They started to install instantaneous water heaters in times of lack of hot water supply. Old-style models are still found in some "Stalin" and "Khrushchev". However, residents of modern houses do not refuse to install heating equipment, which is associated with seasonal outages.
It should only be taken into account that the models of the old and the new sample are somewhat different in type of control. How to use a gas column? If you have any difficulties with this, then our article will help to solve them.
The principle of operation of technology
It’s easier to remember the rules for using the device when you understand its device. Regardless of the manufacturer, all gas columns - Neva, Astra and others - have the same design. Only the location of the nodes can change.
Main nodes:
- Heat exchanger;
- Manifold for gas exhaust;
- Ignition unit;
- Burner;
- Water and gas fittings.
The lining of the column is made in the form of a metal casing - in some models there is a viewing window on it. The panel contains power and temperature controls. Electronic control is complemented by a display.
Ignition unit. Depending on the type of ignition, the product has a piezo ignition button or electronic battery switch.
- Semi-automatic models. Piezo ignition can be triggered in different ways. In some cases, you need to hold the button and press the power control. The wick will burn until you disconnect the device yourself. It is recommended to turn off the burner after use or while leaving home. So you can save gas and extend the life of the device.
- Automatic equipment is more expensive, but it is economical to operate. The wick does not burn continuously. The burner ignites only when the mixer is opened and goes out when closed. Electric charge is sent by batteries or a turbine. Batteries need to be changed periodically, and for normal operation of the turbine, it is necessary to ensure stable pressure in the line.
Electronic devices can be equipped with a flame regulator. With a reduced head, the modulator allows you to adjust the heating power so as to obtain a given temperature for heating the water.
Manifold with outlet pipe. Located at the top. Pipes are connected to the pipe to divert combustion products to the street. In devices with a closed combustion chamber, the collector is located below and is equipped with a fan for forced removal of burning. These are turbocharged models like “Neva Turbo”, “Neva Lux 8224”, Bosch WTD.
The columns of the trademark "Astra" and "Oasis" are available only with an open combustion chamber.
Heat exchanger (radiator) is the main part in a water heater. Water flows through its tubes, which is heated by a burner. A quality radiator is made from pure copper. If impurities are added to the alloy, then the assembly quickly burns out, gives a leak. Read the article “Heat Exchanger for Geyser” to find out more about its design.
Burner located under the radiator located. Robust housing should be made of steel. The part distributes the flame through the nozzles for uniform heating of the heat exchanger.
Gas unit may be located on top of the water (in older models) or to the right of it. The work is regulated by turning the gas on and off.
Water block It is located nearby, thanks to it, fuel enters the system. When the water starts, pressure is created in the system, which makes the rubber membrane bend. She pushes the stem, which turns the fuel valve.
An ignition device is placed near the burner. The equipment is also equipped with protection sensors:
- Traction sensor monitors the presence of traction in the system;
- Ionization sensor - flame monitoring;
- Thermostat - temperature measurement, protection against overheating over 90 degrees.
When one of the sensors is triggered, the device turns off.
The electrical circuit of the device:
Operational Features
There are a number of provisions and rules that allow the use of gas equipment. Consider the basic requirements for open speakers:
- You can not start work in the absence of draft in the chimney or in the presence of reverse draft;
- It is not allowed to turn on and carry out the ignition without studying the operating instructions;
- For normal operation requires natural ventilation (window, window);
- It is forbidden to independently change the design of the equipment.
For long service life of the device, it is recommended not to turn on heating above 55 degrees, and also not to mix hot and cold flows on the mixer. This leads to a rapid deposition of scale.
Columns with an open combustion chamber are most at risk of gas leakage. If you smell, then:
- Close the valve;
- Open the windows and ventilate the room;
- Do not light a fire until the room is completely ventilated;
- Contact the repair service.
Before starting the appliance, check for draft in the chimney.
How to check
There are two “popular” ways of checking:
- Take a piece of paper and bring it to the chimney or ventilation. If the sheet tightens, then the mine is working properly. If it falls, you need to clean the hole.
- Light a match and bring it to the inspection window. Does the flame deviate to the side? Then you can run the column. If it burns smoothly, check the chimney.
It also happens that everything is in order with the mine, but there is no traction. Perhaps the room is not ventilated, so there is no airflow for combustion.
How to turn on the water heater
Before turning on any equipment in the heat exchanger must be water. Therefore, first open the water valve.
Electric models:
- Insert the batteries into the battery compartment;
- In some cases, you need to turn the power or temperature toggle switch;
- Open the gas valve;
- Turn on the mixer in the hot position, which will cause ignition.
During a long interruption in the operation of the device, an air plug forms inside, due to which the burner does not ignite the first time. Way out: open and close the mixer several times until an ignition occurs.
Semi-automatic devices:
- Start fuel supply;
- Set the power and hold the piezo ignition button until the wick ignites;
- When the water is turned on, the burner lights up.
Launching modern technology is easy. But what about the old-style product?
Outdated column ignition
A device with manual ignition is considered obsolete. Constantly burning the wick and manually turning it off are structurally provided. Ignition comes from a burning match, less often with piezo ignition. These include: “Spark KGI-56”, series L, GVA, HSV. They are equipped with a turn signal or lever for regulating the temperature.
The principle of operation is the same as that of modern models. The difference is only in the features of the inclusion of heating. If you are launching for the first time, then you should know that:
- In a room with a column there must be a constant flow of air. This is important to maintain flame burning. Therefore, there is a 5 cm gap in the kitchen doors below. If plastic windows are installed, a ventilation valve is mandatory;
- It is necessary to regularly check for traction;
- Check the condition of the gas valve. Open it and anoint the compounds with soapy water. If bubbles appear, then there is a leak.
For ignition, it is more convenient to use long matches that reach the igniter well.
KGI-56 launch
Turn the fuel and water valves.Now turn the left knob to the left to the end. Hold the solenoid valve button, if provided in the product. Continuing to press the button, ignite the igniter with a match. Thereafter:
- Open the hot water faucet;
- To ignite the burner, turn the other knob to the left.
Done, you can go take a shower.
Turning on devices of type L, GVA, HSV
Start with the other types of gas and water. Move the handle on the panel to the first position. Press the valve trigger button and hold the match to the igniter. Hold the button for another 10 seconds. As in the first case, turn on the tap and quickly turn the knob to the maximum mark. After ignition, you can start using it.
You can turn off the technique by turning the lever until the wick is extinguished. It is advisable to do this at night and before leaving home.
Use the water heater correctly for the long life of the device and your own safety. Once a year carry out routine inspections of the product, clean the parts from scale.